不明原因早期自然流产蜕膜组织中肿瘤坏死因子受体1的表达

来源:岁月联盟 作者: 时间:2010-07-12

           作者:闫春芳 金辉 李旭 陈葳 于学文 张蕴 王景

【关键词】  早期妊娠

  Expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in deciduas from unexplained early spontaneous abortion

  【Abstract】 AIM: To investigate the expression and histological localization of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) in deciduas of unexplained early spontaneous abortion.  METHODS:  Thirtyone women, who had unexplained spontaneous abortion at 6-10 weeks of gestational period, were used as abortion group. The control group consisted of 30 normal pregnancy women who preferred artificial abortion at 6-10 weeks gestational period. Decidua samples from the two groups were obtained at the time of abortion. Immunohitochemisty was used to determine the location and intensity of TNFR1 staining in all the deciduas. RESULTS:  The rates of TNFR1 expressed in decidual glandular epithelia cells, stromal cells and blood vessel endothelial cells of abortion group were 77.4%, 93.5% and 67.7% respectively, and in the control group were 96.7%, 70.0% and 23.3% respectively. There was no significant difference of TNFR1 expressive rate in the decidual glandular epithelia cells between the two groups (P=0.0529), but the expressive rate of TNFR1 in the decidual stromal cells and blood vessel endothelia cells from the abortion group was higher than that from the control group (P=0.0217, P=0.0008). The expressive intensity of TNFR1 was weaker in the decidual glandual epithelial cells from the abortion group than that from the control group (P<0.01), but the expressive intensity of TNFR1 in the decidual stromal cells from abortion group was stronger than that from control group (P<0.01); there was no significant difference of TNFR1 expressive intensity in blood vessel endothelia cells between the two groups. CONCLUSION:  The increase of TNFR1 expressed in the decidual stromal cells and blood vessel endothelial cells, and the decrease of TNFR1 expressed in the decidual glandual epithelial cells may contribute to the unexplained early spontaneous abortion.

  【Keywords】 early pregnancy; abortion; decidua; TNF; receptor

  【摘要】 目的: 探讨肿瘤坏死因子受体Ⅰ(tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, TNFR1)在蜕膜中的表达及其与不明原因流产的关系. 方法:采用免疫组化方法,对31例妊娠6~10 wk不明原因早期自然流产患者(流产组)和30例同期妊娠的健康妇女(对照组)蜕膜组织中TNFR1的表达进行定位和半定量检测. 结果:流产组蜕膜腺体上皮、间质和血管内皮细胞TNFR1表达率分别为77.4%,93.5%和67.7%,对照组分别为96.7%,70.0%和23.3%. 腺体上皮细胞TNFR1表达率在2组之间无显著性差异(P=0.0529),流产组蜕膜间质及血管内皮细胞TNFR1表达率均高于对照组,均有显著性差异(P=0.0217, P=0.0008);蜕膜腺体上皮细胞TNFR1阳性表达强度低于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.01),其间质TNFR1表达强度高于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.01). 血管内皮细胞TNFR1阳性表达强度在2组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05). 结论:TNFR1在蜕膜间质及血管内皮细胞中表达水平的升高及其在腺体上皮细胞中表达水平的下降,可能与不明原因早期自然流产有关.

  【关键词】 早期妊娠;流产;蜕膜;肿瘤坏死因子;受体

  0引言

  蜕膜组织是母胎细胞直接接触的界面,蜕膜组织的免疫耐受是妊娠和维持妊娠所必需的. 近年来研究表明,不明原因的自然流产与母体肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor α, TNFα) 的表达水平升高有关[ 1-3]. 由于肿瘤坏死因子受体1 (tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, TNFR1)在介导TNFα生物效应的过程中起主要作用,TNFR1在位于母胎界面的蜕膜组织中的表达,可能是TNFα参与不明原因自然流产的分子免疫机制. 我们通过对TNFR1在蜕膜组织中表达的定位和半定量研究. 探讨蜕膜组织TNFR1的表达与不明原因早期自然流产的关系.

  1对象和方法

  1.1对象200003/200101门诊选择孕6~10 wk,出现阴道流血和下腹疼痛,通过详细的询问病史与系统检查,并经妇科及B超检查,诊断为不明原因自然流产31例 (流产组),平均年龄(27±6)岁,平均孕期(58±9)d. 以无异常孕产史、同期妊娠并行人工流产术的健康妇女30例为对照组,平均年龄(26±5)岁,平均孕期(59±10) d. 2组之间年龄及孕期的差异均无显著性(P<0.05),均无急慢性毒物接触史,3 mo内无服用激素类药物史.

  1.2方法蜕膜组织取得后立即用pH 7.4 PBS液漂洗后加冷冻介质OCT(cryoform imbedding medium)放入液氮冻存. 鼠抗人TNFR1 mAb (克隆号59H398, 购自奥地利Bender公司). 链霉菌抗生物素蛋白过氧化酶免疫组化染色超敏试剂盒(购自福州迈新生物技术开发公司). 将用冷冻介质包埋的蜕膜,用恒温冷冻切片机作连续切片,切片厚度为5 μm;每个标本切片4张,分别裱贴在涂有多聚赖氨酸的载玻片上;在30℃干燥箱中干燥30 min,用900 mL・L-1冷丙酮固定7 min,室温干燥过夜;1张行苏木素伊红染色进行组织学观察,如细胞出现明显变性、坏死的病例,则予以剔除,另3张切片行免疫组化染色. 一抗为鼠抗人TNFR1 mAb, 工作液浓度为1∶500,用PBS代替一抗作空白对照,采用链霉素抗生素蛋白过氧化酶连结常规染色法. 每份样品均在高倍光学显微镜下,分别随机选取腺体、间质和血管各10个视野,如出现棕褐色、棕黄色颗粒者为TNFR1阳性细胞. 阳性分级(Am J Pathol, 1989;134:733)的半定量分级方法. 淡黄色记数为1,棕黄色为记数2, 深棕色记数为3;阳性着色细胞比例<20%记数为1,20%-50%记数为2,>50%记数为3. 以上两项相加等于2~3为弱阳性(+),3~4为阳性(),≥4为强阳性(). 细胞结构清晰,无棕褐色或棕黄色颗粒出现者为阴性(-).

  统计学处理: 采用SPSS统计软件进行统计学处理,计数资料率间比较用Fisher精确概率法; 等级资料用非参数Wilcoxon两样本法进行比较,以α= 0.05为显著性水准.

  2结果

  2.1蜕膜组织TNFR1定位表达率蜕膜腺体上皮、间质和血管内皮细胞TNFR1的表达率, 流产组分别为77.4%(24/31),93.5%(29/31)和67.7%(21/31),对照组分别为96.7%(29/30) ,70.0%(21/30) 和23.3%(7/30). 2组腺体上皮细胞TNFR1表达率之间无显著性差异(P=0.0529),2组间质及血管内皮细胞TNFR1表达率之间均有显著性差异(P=0.0217,P=0.0008),流产组均高于对照组.

  2.2蜕膜组织TNFR1定位表达强度分别比较TNFR1在2组蜕膜腺体上皮、间质和血管内皮细胞中的阳性表达强度. 结果显示,流产组腺体上皮细胞TNFR1表达强度低于对照组,2组之间有显著性差异(P<0.01). 流产组间质细胞TNFR1表达强度高于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.01);血管内皮细胞TNFR1阳性表达强度在两组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05, Tab 1, Fig 1).

  表1蜕膜组织TNFR1定位表达强度的比较 (略)

  3讨论

  TNFα在生物组织中广泛表达[4,5],主要通过TNFR1的介导,在局部产生其生物学效应. 妊娠的胎儿及蜕膜组织表达TNFα,在母胎之间的免疫调节过程中起重要作用[6,7]. 我们采用SP免疫组化技术,对不明原因早期流产患者及对照组的蜕膜组织TNFR1的表达进行了定位和半定量检测. 结果表明,妊娠早期蜕膜组织中有TNFR1的表达;在蜕膜腺体、间质及血管内皮细胞中,TNFR1的表达水平是不均一的. 正常妊娠时,蜕膜腺体上皮细胞TNFR1的表达水平较高,而蜕膜间质及血管内皮细胞TNFR1的表达水平相对较低. 流产组蜕膜腺体上皮细胞TNFR1表达率与对照组相比,差异无显著性,但其表达强度却低于对照组,提示TNFR1在自然流产患者蜕膜腺体上皮细胞中的表达水平有所下降. TNFR1在流产组蜕膜间质及血管内皮细胞中的表达率和在其间质中的表达强度均高于对照组;提示TNFR1在自然流产患者蜕膜间质及血管内皮细胞中的表达水平均升高.

  由此推测,在正常孕早期蜕膜组织中,TNFα主要作用于腺体上皮细胞,TNFR1所介导的生物学效应可能与腺体的分泌功能以及其他粘附分子的表达

  图1TNFR1在蜕膜组织中的阳性表达 (略)

  有关. 自然流产患者蜕膜血管内皮细胞TNFR1表达水平升高, 局部则可以结合较多的TNFα,对内皮细胞产生毒性作用, 促进血管内皮细胞损伤和血液凝固[8-10],与自然流产患者蜕膜血管内皮细胞肿胀,血管壁结构模糊及血管内血栓形成可能有关. 其结果不但造成胚胎或胎儿死亡,而且刺激子宫收缩,导致自然流产.

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