二氧化碳气腹时血管紧张素醛固酮系统的变化

来源:岁月联盟 作者: 时间:2010-07-12

              作者:李妍芹,张春贤,冯淑娴,边丽华,刘菁,李娟

【关键词】  腹腔镜

    Changes of angiotensinaldosterone system  in CO2 pneumoperitoneum

  【Abstract】 AIM: To observe the changes of angiotensin Ⅰ (AT Ⅰ), angiotensin Ⅱ (AT Ⅱ) and aldosterone (ALD) levels under general anesthesia for female patients when they were under the low CO2 pneumascos and with the body posture of 30° low head and high feet. METHODS:  The AT Ⅰ,Ⅱ and ALD levels of all patients under laparoscopy were observed by RIA respectively at 10 min before insufflation, 10 min, 30 min and 60 min after insufflation and 10 min after desufflation. RRSULTS:  Compared with preinsufflation, there was no significant changes in the plasma levels of AT Ⅰ, AT Ⅱ and ALD after insufflation (P>0.05), but 10 min after insufflation, they were higher than those before insufflation (P<0.05). ATⅠ and ALD were still higher 30 min after insufflation than those before insufflation (P<0.05). AT Ⅱ rose obviously (P<0.01) and 60 min after insufflation, AT Ⅱ and ALD were not different from those before insufflation, except for AT Ⅰ (P<0.05). After desufflation, they all returned to normal level (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:  General anesthesia and low pressure (IAP 1.33-1.59) abdominnoscopy have some effects on the stress system and metabolism.

  【Keywords】 anesthesia, general;   carbon dioxide; pneumoperitoneum;   laparoscopes; reninangiotensin system

  【摘要】 目的:观察腹腔镜妇科手术中患者在全麻及低CO2气腹压和30°头低脚高体位时,血浆中血管紧张素Ⅰ,Ⅱ(ATⅠ,Ⅱ)和醛固酮(ALD)含量的变化. 方法:在气腹前10 min,气腹后10,30和60 min,解除气腹后10 min采静脉血,用放射免疫方法(RIA)测定血浆中ATⅠ,Ⅱ和ALD含量. 结果: 气腹后10  min血浆ATⅠ,Ⅱ和ALD含量均比气腹前升高(P<0.05);气腹后30 min,ATⅠ,ALD含量仍比气腹前高(P<0.05),ATⅡ显著升高(P<0.01);气腹后60 min,除ATⅠ含量仍高外(P<0.05),其余2种激素含量与气腹前无差异性改变,解除气腹后,3种激素均恢复到气腹前水平(P<0.05). 结论:全麻及低气压妇科腹腔镜手术对人体应激系统和生理代谢功能有一定的影响.

  【关键词】 麻醉,全身;二氧化碳;气腹;腹腔镜;肾素血管紧张素系统

  0引言

  腹腔镜手术行CO2气腹常给患者造成呼吸、循环及内分泌等的严重干扰[1-3]. 我们对全麻及低气压(IAP 1.33~1.59),妇科腹腔镜手术患者在30°头低脚高位时,血浆中的血管紧张素Ⅰ,Ⅱ(angiotensin Ⅰ,Ⅱ, ATⅠ,Ⅱ),醛固酮(aldosterone, ALD)的含量进行测定,观察它们在术中的动态变化,以指导临床.

  1对象和方法

  1.1对象

  200204/200307择期行妇科腹腔镜手术患者47例,其中子宫切除25例,卵巢肿瘤切除10例,输卵管切除12例. 患者术前心电图检查均正常,无内分泌系统疾病,无使用激素的病史. 在气腹前10  min(T1),气腹后10  min(T2),气腹后30  min(T3),气腹后60  min(T4)及解除气腹后10  min(T5)采集静脉血5 mL,注入含有EDTA2NA与抑肽酶的特殊抗凝管中,-30℃保存待测.

  1.2方法

  用放射免疫方法(radioimmunoassay, RIA)测定血浆中ATⅠ,Ⅱ及ALD含量,所有标本均由同批药盒、同一人同时完成. 结果用FT630+探头微机γ仪测定.

  统计学处理:结果用x±s表示,采用方差分析, 以T1为对照进行Dunnettt检验,各激素间的相关性采用直线相关分析.

  2结果

  气腹后10 min,血浆ATⅠ,Ⅱ及ALD含量均比气腹前升高(P<0.05),气腹后30 min, ATⅠ,ALD含量仍比气腹前高(P<0.05),ATⅡ显著升高(P<0.01),气腹后60 min,ATⅠ含量仍高(P<0.05, Tab 1),其余2种激素含量与气腹前无差异性改变,解除气腹后,3种激素均恢复到气腹前水平(P>0.05). 血浆中ATⅠ与ALD, ATⅡ与ALD的含量呈正相关(r1=0.9459, P1<0.05; r2=0.6549, P2<0.05).表1CO2气腹间血浆ATⅠ,Ⅱ及ALD的含量(略)

  3讨论

  腹腔镜手术创伤小、组织损伤轻、术后恢复快. 但在CO2气腹中,腹内压(IAP)增加,气道压力升高及CO2吸收入血,引起机体腹腔微环境的改变、应激反应等,从而激发肾素血管紧张素醛固酮系统(reninangiotoninaldosterone system, RAAS)的反应[4]. 本研究表明,全麻方式下CO2气腹后ATⅠ,Ⅱ及ALD水平明显升高,气腹后60 min有下降趋势,但直至气腹消除,手术结束后才接近气腹前水平. 腹腔内注入CO2致腹内压升高,下腔静脉血回流受阻,回心血流量和心输出量下降,使RAAS功能亢进;通过儿茶酚胺肾素血管紧张素系统(PRS)的正反馈效应和下丘脑垂体肾上腺皮质轴激活RAAS,使血浆中ATⅠ,Ⅱ和ALD浓度增高. 研究结果提示,全麻及低气压下妇科腹腔镜手术对人体应激系统和生理代谢功能有一定的影响,而3种激素的相互调控、RAAS的变化,在维持和调节有效循环血量及外周血管阻力中发挥重要的作用.

  【】

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