无模态对话框
现在来看看CreateDialog()，它是DialogBox()的姐妹函数．区別在于DialogBox()拥有自己的消息循环并且直到对话框关闭才返回，CreateDialog()则更加像CreateWindowEx()创建的一个窗口，立即返回并向你的消息循环发送消息，就像是你的主窗口发的消息样.这就是所谓的无模态，而DialogBox()创建的是模态对话框．
创建的资源如下：
[cpp]
IDD_TOOLBAR DIALOGEX 0, 0, 98, 52
STYLE DS_MODALFRAME | WS_POPUP | WS_CAPTION
EXSTYLE WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW
CAPTION "My Dialog Toolbar"
FONT 8, "MS Sans Serif"
BEGIN
PUSHBUTTON "&Press This Button",IDC_PRESS,7,7,84,14
PUSHBUTTON "&Or This One",IDC_OTHER,7,31,84,14
END
你可以看到资源编辑器把DIALOG換成了DIALOGEX表明我们要为我们的对话框设置扩展风格．
接下来想在程序运行的时候创建对话框，想要对话框可视，所以在WM_CREATE的消息处理中创建它．我们也需要声明一个全局变量来保持从CreateDialog()返回的窗口句柄以便在后面使用它．DialogBox()不向我们返回句柄因为DialogBox()在窗口销毀的时候才返回．
[cpp] view plaincopyprint?
HWND g_hToolbar = NULL;
case WM_CREATE:
g_hToolbar = CreateDialog(GetModuleHandle(NULL), MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_TOOLBAR),
hwnd, ToolDlgProc);
if(g_hToolbar != NULL)
{
ShowWindow(g_hToolbar, SW_SHOW);
}
else
{
MessageBox(hwnd, "CreateDialog returned NULL", "Warning!",
MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
}
break;
要检查返回值，这什么时候总是一个好的习惯，如果是正确的（不为NULL）我们就用ShowWindow()来显示这个窗口，要是用DiaglogBox()，这一步就是不必要的，因为系统为我们调用了ShowWindow()．
现在我需要为工具栏写一个对话过程．
[cpp]
BOOL CALLBACK ToolDlgProc(HWND hwnd, UINT Message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(Message)
{
case WM_COMMAND:
switch(LOWORD(wParam))
{
case IDC_PRESS:
MessageBox(hwnd, "Hi!", "This is a message",
MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
break;
case IDC_OTHER:
MessageBox(hwnd, "Bye!", "This is also a message",
MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
break;
}
break;
default:
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
大多数适用于DialogBox()的消息处理规则也适用于CreateDialog()，不调用DefWindowProc()，对不处理的消息返回FALSE，处理的返回TRUE．
有个攺变就是不为无模态窗口调用EndDialog()，可以像对常规的窗口一样调用DestroyWindow()．在主窗口的WndProc()中这样写．．．
[cpp]
case WM_DESTROY:
DestroyWindow(g_hToolbar);
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
还有一点，希望在任何时候显示或隠藏我们的工具栏，所以我在菜单上加上了两个命令来做这件事情，并这样处理：
[cpp] view plaincopyprint?
case WM_COMMAND:
switch(LOWORD(wParam))
{
case ID_DIALOG_SHOW:
ShowWindow(g_hToolbar, SW_SHOW);
break;
case ID_DIALOG_HIDE:
ShowWindow(g_hToolbar, SW_HIDE);
break;
//... other command handlers
}
break;
如果在此时运行你的程序并试图在两个按钮间切換的话，就会注意到不行，按Alt+P和Alt+O来激活按钮都不行．为什么? 因为DialogBox()有自己的消息循环并默认地处理这些事件，CreateDialog()卻沒有．但是可以通过在消息循环中调用可以为做默认处理的IsDialogMessage()来自己处理它们．
[cpp]
while(GetMessage(&Msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
if(!IsDialogMessage(g_hToolbar, &Msg))
{
TranslateMessage(&Msg);
DispatchMessage(&Msg);
}
}
这里我们首先将消息传给IsDialogMessage()，如果消息是为工具栏的（由我们传进的窗口的句柄来指示），系统就作默认的处理并返回TRUE．这种情況下消息已经被处理了所以我们不需要再调用TranslateMessage()或DispatchMessage()了．如果消息是为另外一个窗口就照常处理．
值得提出来的是IsDialogMessage()也可以用于不是对话框的窗口来给它们一些像对话框的功能．记住，对话框就是一个窗口，并且大多数（如果不是全部的话）对话框的API可以工作于任何窗口．
贴个完整的代码吧 有点长：
资源文件的建立如上。
[cpp]
#include <windows.h>
#define IDD_TOOLBAR 101
#define IDC_OTHER 9003
#define IDC_PRESS 9004
#define ID_DIALOG_SHOW 9005
#define ID_DIALOG_HIDE 9006
HWND g_hToolbar = NULL;
const char g_szClassName[] = "myWindowClass";
BOOL CALLBACK AboutDlgProc(HWND hwnd, UINT Message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(Message)
{
case WM_INITDIALOG:
return TRUE;
case WM_COMMAND:
switch(LOWORD(wParam))
{
case IDC_PRESS:
MessageBox(hwnd,"you press a button!","this is message",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
break;
case IDC_OTHER:
MessageBox(hwnd,"you press a other button!","this is message",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
case IDOK:
EndDialog(hwnd, IDOK);
break;
case IDCANCEL:
EndDialog(hwnd, IDCANCEL);
break;
}
break;
default:
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
HMENU hmenu,hSubMenu;
hmenu = CreateMenu();
hSubMenu = CreatePopupMenu();
AppendMenu(hSubMenu,MF_STRING,ID_DIALOG_SHOW,"&Show");
AppendMenu(hSubMenu,MF_STRING,ID_DIALOG_HIDE,"&Hide");
AppendMenu(hmenu,MF_STRING | MF_POPUP,(UINT)hSubMenu,"&Dialog");
SetMenu(hwnd,hmenu);
g_hToolbar = CreateDialog(GetModuleHandle(NULL),MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_TOOLBAR),hwnd,AboutDlgProc);
if(g_hToolbar != NULL)
ShowWindow(g_hToolbar,SW_HIDE);
else
MessageBox(hwnd,"CreateDialog return NULL","Warning",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
}
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
switch(LOWORD(wParam))
{
case ID_DIALOG_SHOW:
ShowWindow(g_hToolbar, SW_SHOW);
break;
case ID_DIALOG_HIDE:
ShowWindow(g_hToolbar, SW_HIDE);
break;
}
break;
case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
{
char szFileName[MAX_PATH];
HINSTANCE hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
GetModuleFileName(hInstance, szFileName, MAX_PATH);
MessageBox(hwnd, szFileName, "This program is:", MB_OK |
MB_ICONINFORMATION);
}
break;
case WM_CLOSE:
DestroyWindow(hwnd);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
DestroyWindow(g_hToolbar);
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASSEX wc;
HWND hwnd;
MSG Msg;
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.style = 0;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wc.lpszClassName = g_szClassName;
wc.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
if(!RegisterClassEx(&wc))
{
MessageBox(NULL, "Window Registration Failed!", "Error!",
MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK);
return 0;
}
hwnd = CreateWindowEx(
WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,
g_szClassName,
"The title of my window",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 400, 400,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if(hwnd == NULL)
{
MessageBox(NULL, "Window Creation Failed!", "Error!",
MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK);
return 0;
}
ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
while(GetMessage(&Msg, NULL, 0, 0) > 0)
{
if(!IsDialogMessage(g_hToolbar,&Msg))
{
TranslateMessage(&Msg);
DispatchMessage(&Msg);
}
}
return Msg.wParam;
}
