用ipfilter在动态ip环境下做重定向
【FreeBSD教程】用ipfilter在动态ip环境下做重定向
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在ipfilter的nat规则中，假如出口ip地址是动态ip，比如PPPoE拨号或DHCP，那么可以使用类似
map tun0 192.168.0.0/24 -> 0.0.0.0/32 的语法进行地址（端口）映射；可是类似
rdr tun0 0/32 port rtsp -> 192.168.2.100 port rtsp tcp/udp这样的语法却是不对的，因为rdr
规则要求第三个域是ip包的目的地址，通常是该出口网卡的地址，显然，当别人访问你的机器的时候tcp/udp包的目的地址是你的当前地址，而不是0/32,所以，rdr tun0 0/32 ...这样的规则是不会生效的，你必须以该网卡的当前ip地址来做这个规则；ipfilter本身没有提供这样的定义使得我们可以方便的做这样的规则，下面是我做的脚本，用来动态的获得当前出口网卡地址，并一次刷新ipfilter规则。
1。内核中编译ipfilter的支持，不能让ipfilter以模块的形式载入；
因为我没有在/etc/rc.conf中指定ipfilter_enable="yes";
2。编制如下shell script；
#!/bin/sh
#vi /usr/local/sbin/ipf.sh
#此脚本用来刷新ipf规则；
#注重/etc/ipf.rules是根据/etc/ipf.rules.template这个模板自动生成的；
#所以，假如你要改规则，应该改/etc/ipf.rules.template这个模板;
#For dynamic ip ipf rules
#$EXT_NIC is the internet connected NIC
#$EXT_ADDR is the internet connected NIC ADDRESS.
#get dynamic nic.
#获得默认路由经过的网卡，即所谓的外网网卡；
EXT_NIC=`netstat -arn | grep "default/>" | awk '{print $6 }'`
if [ -z $EXT_NIC ];
then
echo "ERROR default gateway NO found !!!"
exit 1
else
export EXT_NIC
#get dynamic nic and ip.
#获得外网卡地址；
EXT_ADDR=`ifconfig $EXT_NIC | grep "inet/>" | awk '{print $2}'`
if [ -z $EXT_ADDR ];
then
echo "ERROR:EXT_ADDR NO found !!!"
exit 1
else
export EXT_ADDR
#根据上述信息参照模板生成规则；
echo "#NOTE:" >/etc/ipf.rules
echo "#DON'T modify /etc/ipf.rules for your ipf rules ,Just modify /etc/ipf.rules.template instance !!!" >>/etc/ipf.rules
echo "#Read /usr/local/sbin/ipf.sh for detail." >>/etc/ipf.rules
echo "#." >>/etc/ipf.rules
echo "#Reflashed date:`date`." >>/etc/ipf.rules
sed s//$EXT_NIC/$EXT_NIC/g /etc/ipf.rules.template >/etc/ipf.rules.nic
sed s//$EXT_ADDR/$EXT_ADDR/g /etc/ipf.rules.nic >>/etc/ipf.rules
#刷新规则；
/sbin/ipf -Fa
/sbin/ipf -y -f /etc/ipf.rules
fi
fi
#end /usr/local/sbin/ipf.sh
#!/bin/sh
#vi /usr/local/sbin/ipnat.sh
#此脚本用来刷新ipnat规则；
#注重/etc/ipnat.rules是根据/etc/ipnat.rules.template这个模板自动生成的；
#所以，假如你要改规则，应该改/etc/ipnat.rules.template这个模板;
#For dynamic ip ipnat rules
#$EXT_NIC is the internet connected NIC
#$EXT_ADDR is the internet connected NIC ADDRESS.
#get dynamic nic.
#获得默认路由经过的网卡，即所谓的外网网卡；
EXT_NIC=`netstat -arn | grep "default/>" | awk '{print $6 }'`
if [ -z $EXT_NIC ];
then
echo "ERROR default gateway NO found !!!"
exit 1
else
export EXT_NIC
#get dynamic nic and ip.
#获得外网卡地址；
EXT_ADDR=`ifconfig $EXT_NIC | grep "inet/>" | awk '{print $2}'`
if [ -z $EXT_ADDR ];
then
echo "ERROR:EXT_ADDR NO found !!!"
exit 1
else
export EXT_ADDR
#根据上述信息参照模板生成规则；
echo "#NOTE:" >/etc/ipnat.rules
echo "#DON'T modify /etc/ipnat.rules for your nat rules ,Just modify /etc/ipnat.rules.template instance !!!" >>/etc/ipnat.rules
echo "#Read /usr/local/sbin/ipnat.sh for detail." >>/etc/ipnat.rules
echo "#." >>/etc/ipnat.rules
echo "#Reflashed date:`date`." >>/etc/ipnat.rules
sed s//$EXT_NIC/$EXT_NIC/g /etc/ipnat.rules.template >/etc/ipnat.rules.nic
sed s//$EXT_ADDR/$EXT_ADDR/g /etc/ipnat.rules.nic >>/etc/ipnat.rules
#刷新规则；
/sbin/ipnat -C
/sbin/ipnat -v -f /etc/ipnat.rules
fi
fi
#end /usr/local/sbin/ipnat.sh
#!/bin/sh
#vi /usr/local/sbin/ipfrenew
#调用预先编制的脚本刷新ipf以及ipnat规则；
/usr/local/sbin/ipf.sh
/usr/local/sbin/ipnat.sh
#显示当前状况；
/sbin/ipnat -l |grep -v '<- -> '
echo List of active sessions have been cutted.
/sbin/ipfstat -if
/sbin/ipfstat -of
#end of /usr/local/sbin/ipfrenew
#设置可执行；
chmod 700 /usr/local/sbin/*
3。在会更换ip的程序中调用/usr/local/sbin/ipfrenew
PPPoE:
#vi /etc/ppp/ppp.linkup
default:
pppoe:
shell "/usr/local/sbin/ipfrenew"
#end of /etc/ppp/ppp.linkup
#假设你的PPPoE配置名称叫pppoe;
DHCP(Cable modem):
#!/bin/sh
#vi /etc/dhclient-exit-hooks
/usr/local/sbin/ipfrenew
#end of /etc/dhclient-exit-hooks
#至于说调用的语法，自己查man，都说的很清楚了；
#罗嗦一句，假如你不怕麻烦，这个方法用在固定ip的环境也是可以的，就是要在/etc/rc.local中调用/usr/local/sbin/ipfrenew,不能依靠
#/etc/rc.conf中的ipfilter_enable设置；因为当系统处理ipfilter_enable设置时，还没有设置default gateway；
#begin of /etc/ipnat.rules.template
rdr $EXT_NIC $EXT_ADDR/32 port 5022 -> 192.168.1.82 port 22
rdr $EXT_NIC $EXT_ADDR/32 port 5023 -> 192.168.1.82 port 23
rdr $EXT_NIC $EXT_ADDR/32 port 9900 -> 192.168.1.82 port 9900
# For 192.168.0.0/24
# ------------------------------------------------------------
# Use ipfilter FTP proxy for hosts behind NAT doing transfer
# mode active.
# ------------------------------------------------------------
map $EXT_NIC 192.168.0.0/24 -> $EXT_ADDR/32 proxy port ftp ftp/tcp
# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Use ipfilter IKE proxy for ESP packets for hosts behind NAT
# IP Filter 3.4.21 and beyond only.
# -----------------------------------------------------------
map $EXT_NIC 192.168.0.0/24 -> $EXT_ADDR/32 proxy port 500 ipsec/udp
# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Use ipfilter RealAudio proxy for hosts behind NAT
# -----------------------------------------------------------
map $EXT_NIC 192.168.0.0/24 -> $EXT_ADDR/32 proxy port 7070 raudio/tcp
# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Use ipfilter H323 proxy for hosts behind NAT
# -----------------------------------------------------------
map $EXT_NIC 192.168.0.0/24 -> $EXT_ADDR/32 proxy port 1720 h323/tcp
# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Map all internal UDP and TCP traffic to the external IP address
# -----------------------------------------------------------
map $EXT_NIC 192.168.0.0/24 -> $EXT_ADDR/32 portmap tcp/udp 40000:60000
# -----------------------------------------------------------
# Map all other traffic e.g. ICMP to the external IP address
# -----------------------------------------------------------
map $EXT_NIC 192.168.0.0/24 -> $EXT_ADDR/32
#end of /etc/ipnat.rules.template
#begin of /etc/ipf.rules.template
#ipfilter default to pass;
block in log quick all with ipopts
block in log quick all with short
block in log quick all with frag
block in log on $EXT_NIC all
block out log on $EXT_NIC all
block in quick on $EXT_NIC from 10.0.0.0/8 to any
block in log quick on $EXT_NIC from 192.168.0.0/16 to any
block in log quick on $EXT_NIC from 172.16.0.0/12 to any
block in log quick on $EXT_NIC from 127.0.0.0/8 to any
block in log quick on $EXT_NIC from 169.254.0.0/16 to any
pass in on $EXT_NIC proto icmp from any to any icmp-type echo
pass in on $EXT_NIC proto icmp from any to any icmp-type echorep
#for http and https
pass in quick on $EXT_NIC proto tcp from any to any port = 80 keep state
pass in quick on $EXT_NIC proto tcp from any to any port = 443 keep state
#for mail
pass in quick on $EXT_NIC proto tcp from any to any port = 25 keep state
pass in quick on $EXT_NIC proto tcp from any to any port = 110 keep state
pass out quick on $EXT_NIC proto tcp/udp from any to any keep state
pass out quick on $EXT_NIC proto icmp from any to any keep state
block return-rst in log on $EXT_NIC proto tcp from any to any
block return-icmp-as-dest(port-unr) in log on $EXT_NIC proto udp from any to any
#end of /etc/ipf.rules.template