Linux中的颜色方案
在linux下可以自定义自己的颜色方案，不管是linux命令提示符的颜色，还是stdout的输出颜色。
在 /etc/DIR_COLORS 下可以找到如下说明：
Shell代码
[root@CentOS ~]
#cat /etc/DIR_COLORS
# Below are the color init strings for the basic file types. A color init
# string consists of one or more of the following numeric codes:
# Attribute codes:
# 00=none 01=bold 04=underscore 05=blink 07=reverse 08=concealed
# Text color codes:
# 30=black 31=red 32=green 33=yellow 34=blue 35=magenta 36=cyan 37=white
# Background color codes:
# 40=black 41=red 42=green 43=yellow 44=blue 45=magenta 46=cyan 47=white
NORMAL 00 # global default, although everything should be something.
FILE 00 # normal file
DIR 01;34 # directory
LINK 01;36 # symbolic link
FIFO 40;33 # pipe
SOCK 01;35 # socket
BLK 40;33;01 # block device driver
CHR 40;33;01 # character device driver
ORPHAN 01;05;37;41 # orphaned syminks
MISSING 01;05;37;41 # ... and the files they point to
--最重要的部分在这里：
Txt代码
# Attribute codes:
# 00=none 01=bold 04=underscore 05=blink 07=reverse 08=concealed
# Text color codes:
# 30=black 31=red 32=green 33=yellow 34=blue 35=magenta 36=cyan 37=white
# Background color codes:
# 40=black 41=red 42=green 43=yellow 44=blue 45=magenta 46=cyan 47=white
下面 举两个例子：
1、让输出的字符带上颜色
定义一个脚本：
Shell代码
#!/bin/bash
# 先定义一些颜色:
red='/e[0;31m' # 红色
RED='/e[1;31m' # 红色+粗体（后面以此类推）
green='/e[0;32m' # 绿色
GREEN='/e[1;32m'
yellow='/e[0;33m' # 黄色
YELLOW='/e[1;33m'
blue='/e[0;34m' # 蓝色
BLUE='/e[1;34m'
purple='/e[0;35m' # 紫色
PURPLE='/e[1;35m'
cyan='/e[0;36m' # 蓝绿色
CYAN='/e[1;36m'
WHITE='/e[1;37m' # 白色
NC='/e[0m' # 没有颜色
echo -e "${CYAN}This is BASH ${RED}${BASH_VERSION%.*}${CYAN} - DISPLAY on ${RED}$DISPLAY${NC}/n"
echo -e "${RED}RED ${BLUE}BLUE ${cyan}cyan ${GREEN}GREEN${NC}"
echo -e "${CYAN}white ${WHITE}blod white ${NC} no color!!"
echo "${CYAN}white ${WHITE}blod white ${NC} no color!!" #注意这句
运行结果如下：
注：这里要加上 -e 参数才能正确输出颜色。
（ -e 的解释：-e enable interpretation of backslash escapes | 大致意思是允许解释反斜杠）
2、修改命令提示符（也就是：[root@CentOS ~]# ）
我们可以给 [root@CentOS ~]# 加上颜色和自定义格式：
修改 /etc/bashrc 来达成我们的目的：
vi /ete/bashrc，跟上面一样，大概修改成下面的样子（颜色可以自己换）
Shell代码
red='/e[0;31m' # 红色
cyan='/e[0;36m' # 蓝绿色
NC='/e[0m' # 没有颜色
# [ "$PS1" = "//s-//v///$ " ] && PS1="[/u@/h /W]//$ "
[ "$PS1" = "//s-//v///$ " ] && PS1="[${red}/u${NC}@${cyan}/h${NC} /W]//$ "
然后保存退出，重新登录终端，输出结果如下：
颜色已经改变，不在是默认的全白色啦~
关于命令提示符的格式，请参考这个：
Txt代码
/a : an ASCII bell character (07)
/d : the date in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May 26")
/D{format} : the format is passed to strftime(3) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an empty format results in a locale-specific time representation. The braces are required
/e : an ASCII escape character (033)
/h : the hostname up to the first '.'
/H : the hostname
/j : the number of jobs currently managed by the shell
/l : the basename of the shell’s terminal device name
/n : newline
/r : carriage return
/s : the name of the shell, the basename of $0 (the portion following the final slash)
/t : the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format
/T : the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format
/@ : the current time in 12-hour am/pm format
/A : the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format
/u : the username of the current user
/v : the version of bash (e.g., 2.00)
/V : the release of bash, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
/w : the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde
/W : the basename of the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde
/! : the history number of this command
/# : the command number of this command
/$ : if the effective UID is 0, a #, otherwise a $
/nnn : the character corresponding to the octal number nnn
// : a backslash
/[ : begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt
/] : end a sequence of non-printing characters
最好的办法就是一次全部打印出来试试，嘿嘿。
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希望对你也有所帮助，tks……
作者“成长的日子”
