DataSet导出到Excel比较完整的解决方案(一)--客户端生成文件(dow

来源:岁月联盟 编辑:zhuzhu 时间:2009-01-17

  有一客户需求:

  1、要从SQL Server数据库导出并生成Excel ;

  2、用户下载对应的Excel并填写上传再导入到SQL server。

  费了将近六个小时,故一定要把过程写下来,希望看到此文的朋友少走些不必要的弯路。

  首先,想到的是直接导出到客户端,代码如下:

  DataSetToExcel

public static void DataSetToExcel(DataSet oDS, HttpResponse Response, string fileName)
    {
      if (oDS == null || oDS.Tables[0] == null || oDS.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0) { return; }
      Response.Clear();
      //Encoding pageEncode = Encoding.GetEncoding(PageEncode);
      HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "gb2312";
      //Response.ContentType = "application/vnd-excel";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
      //Response.ContentType = "application/x-octet-stream";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
      Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
      Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");
      System.IO.StringWriter oSW = new System.IO.StringWriter();
      HtmlTextWriter oHW = new HtmlTextWriter(oSW);
      DataGrid dg = new DataGrid();
      dg.DataSource = oDS.Tables[0];
      dg.DataBind();
      dg.RenderControl(oHW);
      Response.Write(oSW.ToString());
      Response.Flush();
      Response.Close();
    }

  这样生成是生成了! 客户也可以用Excel直接打开并编辑,问题来了! 上传时出错,仔细看看生成的Excel.xls,

  用记事本打开,内容大致如下:

  Code

<table cellspacing="0" rules="all" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;">
  <tr>
    <td>品名</td><td>最高价格</td><td>最低价格</td><td>平均价格</td><td>计量单位</td><td>备注</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>青菜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>南瓜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>瓠子</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>冬春笋</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>雪里蕻</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>樱桃萝卜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>佛手瓜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>白菜鼎</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>蒜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>食用菌</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr><tr>
    <td>黄瓜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

  原来,就是纯粹的html格式,披了件Excel的外衣。这样用户传上来的文件当然不是标准的Excel格式了!

  于是, 想到直接生成xml格式的Excel文档,方法如下 :

ExportToExcel
/**//// <summary>
    /// 执行导出
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ds">要导出的DataSet</param>
    /// <param name="strExcelFileName">要导出的文件名</param>
    public static void ExportToExcel(DataSet source, string fileName)
    {
  
      System.IO.StreamWriter excelDoc;
  
      excelDoc = new System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName);
      const string startExcelXML = "<xml version>rn<Workbook " +
         "xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"rn" +
         " xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"rn " +
         "xmlns:x="urn:schemas-  microsoft-com:office:" +
         "excel"rn xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:" +
         "office:spreadsheet">rn <Styles>rn " +
         "<Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal">rn " +
         "<Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/>rn <Borders/>" +
         "rn <Font/>rn <Interior/>rn <NumberFormat/>" +
         "rn <Protection/>rn </Style>rn " +
         "<Style ss:ID="BoldColumn">rn <Font " +
         "x:Family="Swiss" ss:Bold="1"/>rn </Style>rn " +
         "<Style   ss:ID="StringLiteral">rn <NumberFormat" +
         " ss:Format="@"/>rn </Style>rn <Style " +
         "ss:ID="Decimal">rn <NumberFormat " +
         "ss:Format="0.0000"/>rn </Style>rn " +
         "<Style ss:ID="Integer">rn <NumberFormat " +
         "ss:Format="0"/>rn </Style>rn <Style " +
         "ss:ID="DateLiteral">rn <NumberFormat " +
         "ss:Format="mm/dd/yyyy;@"/>rn </Style>rn " +
         "</Styles>rn ";
      const string endExcelXML = "</Workbook>";
  
      int rowCount = 0;
      int sheetCount = 1;
      /**//*
      <xml version>
      <Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
      xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
      xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
      xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet">
      <Styles>
      <Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal">
       <Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/>
       <Borders/>
       <Font/>
       <Interior/>
       <NumberFormat/>
       <Protection/>
      </Style>
      <Style ss:ID="BoldColumn">
       <Font x:Family="Swiss" ss:Bold="1"/>
      </Style>
      <Style ss:ID="StringLiteral">
       <NumberFormat ss:Format="@"/>
      </Style>
      <Style ss:ID="Decimal">
       <NumberFormat ss:Format="0.0000"/>
      </Style>
      <Style ss:ID="Integer">
       <NumberFormat ss:Format="0"/>
      </Style>
      <Style ss:ID="DateLiteral">
       <NumberFormat ss:Format="mm/dd/yyyy;@"/>
      </Style>
      </Styles>
      <Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet1">
      </Worksheet>
      </Workbook>
      */
      excelDoc.Write(startExcelXML);
      excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet" + sheetCount + "">");
      excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
      excelDoc.Write("<Row>");
      for (int x = 0; x < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; x++)
      {
        excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID="BoldColumn"><Data ss:Type="String">");
        excelDoc.Write(source.Tables[0].Columns[x].ColumnName);
        excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
      }
      excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
      foreach (DataRow x in source.Tables[0].Rows)
      {
        rowCount++;
        //if the number of rows is > 64000 create a new page to continue output
  
        if (rowCount == 64000)
        {
          rowCount = 0;
          sheetCount++;
          excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
          excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");
          excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet" + sheetCount + "">");
          excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
        }
        excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); //ID=" + rowCount + "
  
        for (int y = 0; y < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; y++)
        {
          System.Type rowType;
          rowType = x[y].GetType();
          switch (rowType.ToString())
          {
            case "System.String":
              string XMLstring = x[y].ToString();
              XMLstring = XMLstring.Trim();
              XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("&", "&");
              XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace(">", ">");
              XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("<", "<");
              excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID="StringLiteral">" +
                      "<Data ss:Type="String">");
              excelDoc.Write(XMLstring);
              excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
              break;
            case "System.DateTime":
              //Excel has a specific Date Format of YYYY-MM-DD followed by 
  
              //the letter 'T' then hh:mm:sss.lll Example 2005-01-31T24:01:21.000
  
              //The Following Code puts the date stored in XMLDate
  
              //to the format above
  
              DateTime XMLDate = (DateTime)x[y];
              string XMLDatetoString = ""; //Excel Converted Date
  
              XMLDatetoString = XMLDate.Year.ToString() +
                 "-" +
                 (XMLDate.Month < 10 ? "0" +
                 XMLDate.Month.ToString() : XMLDate.Month.ToString()) +
                 "-" +
                 (XMLDate.Day < 10 ? "0" +
                 XMLDate.Day.ToString() : XMLDate.Day.ToString()) +
                 "T" +
                 (XMLDate.Hour < 10 ? "0" +
                 XMLDate.Hour.ToString() : XMLDate.Hour.ToString()) +
                 ":" +
                 (XMLDate.Minute < 10 ? "0" +
                 XMLDate.Minute.ToString() : XMLDate.Minute.ToString()) +
                 ":" +
                 (XMLDate.Second < 10 ? "0" +
                 XMLDate.Second.ToString() : XMLDate.Second.ToString()) +
                 ".000";
              excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID="DateLiteral">" +
                     "<Data ss:Type="DateTime">");
              excelDoc.Write(XMLDatetoString);
              excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
              break;
            case "System.Boolean":
              excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID="StringLiteral">" +
                    "<Data ss:Type="String">");
              excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
              excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
              break;
            case "System.Int16":
            case "System.Int32":
            case "System.Int64":
            case "System.Byte":
              excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID="Integer">" +
                  "<Data ss:Type="Number">");
              excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
              excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
              break;
            case "System.Decimal":
            case "System.Double":
              excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID="Decimal">" +
                 "<Data ss:Type="Number">");
              excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
              excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
              break;
            case "System.DBNull":
              excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID="StringLiteral">" +
                 "<Data ss:Type="String">");
              excelDoc.Write("");
              excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
              break;
            default:
              throw (new Exception(rowType.ToString() + " not handled."));
          }
        }
        excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
      }
      excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
      excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");
      excelDoc.Write(endExcelXML);
      excelDoc.Close();
    }

  可惜, 生成的倒是XML格式了,但还是上传格式不正确,考虑到客户端可能是Excel2007/2003-97等等,决定放弃保存Excel到客户端的方式。

  第三种尝试方案:用cvs保存,将第一种方法改为:

ExportToCVS
 Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
      Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");

  生成格式大致如下:

  CVS格式

"品名","最高价格","最低价格","平均价格","计量单位","备注"
"青菜","","","","元/公斤",""
"南瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"瓠子","","","","元/公斤",""
"冬春笋","","","","元/公斤",""
"雪里蕻","","","","元/公斤",""
"樱桃萝卜","","","","元/公斤",""
"佛手瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"白菜鼎","","","","元/公斤",""
"蒜","","","","元/公斤",""
"食用菌","","","","元/公斤",""
"黄瓜","","","","元/公斤",""

  导入到SQL Server时有多种方法:

  给出简要代码:

GetDataFromCSV
public static DataTable GetDataFromCSV(string filePath,int beginColumn)
    {
      int intColCount = 0;
      bool blnFlag = true;
      DataTable mydt = new DataTable("myTableName");
  
      DataColumn mydc;
      DataRow mydr;
  
      string strline;
      string[] aryline;
  
      System.IO.StreamReader mysr = new System.IO.StreamReader(filePath,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
      int FlagFirst =1;
      while ((strline = mysr.ReadLine()) != null)
      {
        //if (beginColumn == FlagFirst) { FlagFirst++; continue; }
        strline = strline.Replace("n", "");
        strline = strline.Replace("r", "");
        strline = strline.Replace("t", "");
        //aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { '|' });
        aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { ',' });
  
        if (blnFlag)
        {
          blnFlag = false;
          intColCount = aryline.Length;
          for (int i = 0; i < aryline.Length; i++)
          {
            mydc = new DataColumn(aryline[i]);
            mydt.Columns.Add(mydc);
          }
        }
  
        mydr = mydt.NewRow();
        for (int i = 0; i < intColCount; i++)
        {
          mydr[i] = aryline[i];
        }
        mydt.Rows.Add(mydr);
        FlagFirst++;
      }
      mysr.Close();
      mysr.Dispose();
      return mydt;
    }

  也有人给出方案,直接从cvs中读取

GetDataSetFromCSV
public static string PreFilePath=@"c:Excel";
    public static string strconn = @"Driver={Microsoft Text Driver (*.txt; *.csv)};Dbq="+PreFilePath+";Extensions=asc,csv,tab,txt;";
    public static DataSet GetDataSetFromCSV( string filename)
    {
      OdbcConnection objconn = new OdbcConnection(strconn);
      DataSet dscsv = new DataSet();
      try
      {
        string strsql = "select * from " + filename;           //filename, for example: 1.csv
        OdbcDataAdapter odbccsvdataadapter = new OdbcDataAdapter(strsql, objconn);
  
        odbccsvdataadapter.Fill(dscsv);
        return dscsv;
      }
      catch (Exception ex)
      {
        throw ex;
      }
    }

  尝试失败!!

  也可以试试。

  虽然也可以凑合用, 但总觉得CVS出错的可能性更大。

相关文章: